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美联储没加息,30年期美债收益率却飙到5.27%——谁在替沃什“动手”?
美联储7月29日宣布:利率不变,3.50%到3.75%,连续第七个月按兵不动。
消息一出,30年期美债收益率单日飙升14个基点,触及5.23%,创2007年以来新高。周五再涨6个基点,报5.27%。
美联储没加息,债市自己给自己加了个息。
这不是单一原因。五重压力同时爆发,把长端利率推到了19年来的天花板。
🧵 第一重:通胀——油价单月暴涨20%,内需创两年新高
6月PCE环比刚刚录得2020年以来首次转负。通胀数据在降温,债市却不买账。
为什么?
油价单月累涨约20%。二季度内需创两年新高——剔除净出口、库存和政府支出的国内私人最终销售增长3.9%,是一季度的两倍多。消费占美国经济的三分之二,直接从0.5%跳到3.2%。
一个数据降温,三个数据在烧。债市选择了相信油价和内需的方向。
市场已经对9月加息定价升温。利率互换显示,9月加息概率在决议公布后仍有约60%。
🧵 第二重:财政——39.5万亿美元债务,利息支出1.04万亿
美国联邦债务已逼近39.5万亿美元。
2026财年财政赤字预计达1.9万亿美元,占GDP的5.8%。为补缺口,财政部持续增发长债——二季度净借款规模上调至1890亿美元。
净利息支出预计约1.04万亿美元。
借钱越来越多,还息越来越贵。供给端源源不断往市场砸长债,收益率能不高吗?
🧵 第三重:美联储——9比3,十年来最大分歧
6月会议还是全票通过。7月就变成了9票赞成、3票反对。
三名地区联储主席全部主张加息25个基点。这是2016年以来美联储首次出现三张同向反对票。
沃什说“这只是故事的开始,而非结束”。市场听到的是:连美联储自己人都觉得利率太低了。
美联储不行动,债市替它行动。沃什自己都承认,过去42天市场已经做了大量工作。
🧵 第四重:供需——买家在跑,卖家在堆
日本是美国国债最大外国持有者。为了捍卫日元,日本正在抛售美债来筹集美元。
日本10年期国债收益率处于多年高位,寿险公司和养老基金持有低收益美债已不再合理。
最大的买家在卖,财政部在拼命发。供大于求,价格跌,收益率涨——这是最基本的经济学。
🧵 第五重:AI——4890亿美元债券,正在抽干市场的血
高盛估计,截至2026年年中,与AI相关的企业债券发行额已达约4890亿美元。
Alphabet的2050亿美元资本支出计划、科技巨头们超过6000亿美元的资本开支——这些钱从哪里来?发债。
贝莱德数据中心债券发行收益率高达7.534%,较10年期美债溢价约287.5个基点。AI垃圾债篮子的平均收益率达7.45%。
AI在拉动经济增长的同时,也在跟美国政府抢钱。资本需求越旺盛,资金价格越贵。
💡 这五个因素里,至少4个是中期因素,不是短期波动。
油价会跌吗?中东还没消停。
财政赤字能收窄吗?39.5万亿债务在那摆着。
美联储分歧能解决吗?三张反对票不是摆设。
AI投资会停吗?巨头们的资本开支计划排到明年了。
5.27%不太可能是“一次性冲高”。它更可能是新常态的开始。
🔗 对加密市场意味着什么?
流动性环境正在从“宽松预期”切换为“紧缩现实”。
30年期美债收益率超过5%,意味着你可以不承担任何风险就拿5%以上的年化回报。比特币62,500美元附近徘徊,现货比特币ETF周五录得约2.65亿美元净流出。现货成交量创2019年以来新低。
机构资金正在从加密市场撤出,转向无风险的5%+收益。这不是恐慌,这是理性选择。
下半年行情的主旋律,是在逆风中寻找结构性机会。
2020年30年期美债收益率只有0.7%的时候,比特币从1万涨到6万。
现在5.27%,你指望比特币冲10万?
不是没可能,但路会比你想的难走得多。
美联储没加息,但市场替它加了。
通胀数据在降,但油价和内需不让它降。
AI在创造财富,也在抢走你的流动性。
$BTC $ETH $SOL #30年期美债收益率创19年新高
Two completely different answers in the same July.
The US June PCE Price Index fell by 0.1% month-on-month, marking the first monthly decline since 2020. Inflation is cooling down, the data clearly shows it.
So what?
The 30-year US Treasury yield surged past 5.27%, the highest since 2007. The 10-year yield jumped to 4.733%, rising more than 30 basis points within the month, the largest July increase since 2005.
On one hand, they say "inflation is cooling," on the other, "inflation is far from over."
Who is lying?
No one is lying. They are just looking at different time scales.
PCE turning negative month-on-month — that's short-term. Oil prices rising about 20% in a single month, second-quarter domestic demand hitting a two-year high, and the fiscal deficit worsening — these are long-term factors.
Short-term looks at data, long-term looks at beliefs.
The bond market is telling the Federal Reserve with real money: "I don't believe your 'inflation is temporary' theory."
Fed Chair Waller announced on Wednesday that rates would remain unchanged. Then what? Bond investors took matters into their own hands — the "bond vigilantes" proactively tightened financial conditions, pushing the 30-year yield up another 6 basis points.
Waller himself said: The Fed's actions have been limited over the past 42 days, but the market has already done a lot of work.
In plain language: You won't raise rates? Fine, I'll do it myself.
What does this have to do with our Bitcoin?
A lot.
The 30-year US Treasury yield is the valuation anchor for global risk assets. Every 100 basis point increase deepens the valuation discount for all risk assets.
Where is Bitcoin now? Around $63,000. It has fallen back from above $65,000, and bearish voices are everywhere in the market. Some analysts say it could drop to $60,000 to $62,000, citing "lack of macroeconomic support."
The US Treasury offers you a risk-free return above 5%, so why would anyone gamble on your cryptocurrency?
This is not alarmist. US Treasury yields have already surpassed the returns from crypto arbitrage trades — why is marginal buying stuck in cash? That's the answer.
But it's not that simple.
At the FOMC meeting, three votes favored a rate hike, the first clear internal dissent since 2016. The Fed is fighting among itself.
Even more contradictory: after the June PCE data release, short-term Treasury yields fell, but long-term yields held at the 19-year high of 5.2%.
The market is voting with its feet — I don't care about short-term data, I care about the long-term direction.
Oil prices, domestic demand, fiscal deficit, AI investment demand — four forces simultaneously push long-term rates higher. This is not something a single negative month-on-month PCE can suppress.
So is 5.27% the peak or a new starting point?
My judgment is — if oil prices continue to rise, 5.27% is not the top.
Gundlach has already said: long-term rates could surge to the "mid-5.5% range" before the next Fed meeting in September.
And once the 30-year mortgage rate breaks 7.50% before year-end, borrowing costs will soar — that will be true financial tightening, harsher than several Fed rate hikes.
For us holders, only one thing is certain now:
The Fed is watching, the bond market is acting, and Bitcoin is getting hit.
The real bottom is not made by falling prices, but by a liquidity turning point.
And the gate to liquidity is now stuck at 5.27% — and the story behind it, that "the bond market doesn't trust the Fed."
$BTC $ETH $SOL #30年期美债收益率创19年新高
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